Multiple primary malignancies of the bladder, rectum and kidney: a case report / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Multiple primary malignancies (MPMs) are two or more primary malignancies diagnosed in the same patient at the same time or at a specific time and do not represent progression, recurrence or metastasis of the first tumor.MPMs are extremely rare. In this paper, we reported a case of male patient who was diagnosed with invasive uroepithelial carcinoma, rectal adenocarcinoma, clear cell renal cell carcinoma and sarcomatoid carcinoma of the bladder, and open partial cystectomy, laparoscopic radical operation for rectal cancer, laparoscopic partial left nephrectomy, transurethral resection of bladder tumor and laparoscopic radical cystectomy with ureterostomy were performed, respectively.The patient was followed up for 16 months after the last surgery, with good general condition and no recurrence or metastasis.

Study regarding the parent-of-origin effect of WNT pathway genes on non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate among the Chinese population / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective@#Non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) is a common birth defect with its genetic evidence widely explored. This study explored the potential the parent-of-origin (PoO) effect of WNT pathway on the risks of NSCL/P, using a case-parent trio design.@*Methods@#Data on the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of WNT genes were selected from a genome-wide association study (GWAS). A total of 806 Chinese non-syndromic cleft lip patients, with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) case-parent trios, were gathered from an international consortium. PoO effect of WNT pathway genes and its haplotypes were explored by log-linear models. Additional Wald tests were performed to assess: a) the heterogeneity of PoO effect between different maternal exposures, b) the interaction between PoO effect, c) maternal exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), and d) multivitamin supplementation during pregnancy. The threshold for statistical significance was adjusted as 3.47×10-4, according to Bonferroni correction.@*Results@#After quality control, a total of 144 SNPs within seven genes were included for analyses, among which 8 SNPs were of potential PoO effect (P<0.05). However, none of them achieved the statistical significance after Bonferroni correction. The haplotype rs4074668-rs12725747 (T-A) on WNT9A showed significant PoO effect, based on the haplotype test for PoO (P=2.74×10-4). In addition, no statistically significant interaction was found in further exploration of this haplotype under environmental exposures as ETS or multivitamin supplementation.@*Conclusions@#Genes in the WNT pathway may influence the NSCL/P risks through the potential PoO effect. Particularly, the haplotype rs4074668-rs12725747 (T-A) on WNT9A presented significant PoO effect on NSCL/P, statistically. From this current study, findings on WNT pathway related risks among the NSCL/P, need to be further validated by independent samples in the future.

Fujian Tulou Family Cohort Study: study design and characteristics of participants and pedigrees in baseline investigation / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To describe the study design,the characteristics of participants as well as the pedigrees included in the baseline survey of Fujian Tulou Family Cohort Study.Methods Fujian Tulou Family Cohort Study was a prospective open cohort study with a biological sample bank.A baseline survey was conducted in Tulou areas of Nanjing county in Fujian province from 2015 to 2018,including questionnaire survey,physical and biochemical indicators examinations,and blood sample collection in adults aged ≥ 18 years.In addition,family relationship of the participants was also recorded.The pedigree information of the juveniles under 18 years old were also collected.Results The baseline survey included 2 727 individuals in two clans,of whom 2 373 (87.0％) were adults,and 2 126 participants completed questionnaires,physical examinations and biochemical tests.The average age of the 2 126 participants was (57.9 ± 13.3) years,with 39.4％ being males.The current smoking rates in male and female participants were 41.2％ and 2.1％,respectively.The corresponding rates of current alcohol consumption were 19.0％ and 2.6％.For common chronic diseases,the prevalence rates were 51.3％ for hypertension,9.7％ for diabetes and 26.7％ for hyperlipemia according to the self-reported disease diagnoses,health examination results and biochemical examination results in class 1Ⅱor Ⅲ hospitals.Based on the family relationship information and genealogical data,710 pedigrees were finally identified,consisting of 5 087 family members.The numbers of five,four,three,and two generations pedigrees were 3,88,238 and 381,respectively.The pairs of the first to the fifth degree relatives were 12 039,2 662,1 511,202 and 31,respectively.Conclusion The establishment of Fujian Tulou Family Cohort provides valuable resources for exploring the genetic risk factors,environmental risk factors and gene-environment interactions contributing to the risk of common chronic diseases.

Progress in next-generation sequencing research of non-syndromic oral clefts / 中华流行病学杂志

Non-syndromic oral clefts (NSOC) are among the most common birth defects.The prevalence of NSOC is 1.13-1.30 per 1 000 live births in China,which is higher than those in other major ethnic groups.The etiology of NSOC is complex and heterogeneous,which involves both genetic and environmental risk factors.Although genome-wide association studies have identified a number of risk loci,these loci can only account for a small proportion of the heritability of NSOC.The next-generation sequencing research provides new ideas for further exploring the genetic risk factors of NSOC.This paper summaries the progress in the next-generation sequencing research of NSOC.

Fujian Tulou Family Cohort Study: study design and characteristics of participants and pedigrees in baseline investigation / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To describe the study design,the characteristics of participants as well as the pedigrees included in the baseline survey of Fujian Tulou Family Cohort Study.Methods Fujian Tulou Family Cohort Study was a prospective open cohort study with a biological sample bank.A baseline survey was conducted in Tulou areas of Nanjing county in Fujian province from 2015 to 2018,including questionnaire survey,physical and biochemical indicators examinations,and blood sample collection in adults aged ≥ 18 years.In addition,family relationship of the participants was also recorded.The pedigree information of the juveniles under 18 years old were also collected.Results The baseline survey included 2 727 individuals in two clans,of whom 2 373 (87.0％) were adults,and 2 126 participants completed questionnaires,physical examinations and biochemical tests.The average age of the 2 126 participants was (57.9 ± 13.3) years,with 39.4％ being males.The current smoking rates in male and female participants were 41.2％ and 2.1％,respectively.The corresponding rates of current alcohol consumption were 19.0％ and 2.6％.For common chronic diseases,the prevalence rates were 51.3％ for hypertension,9.7％ for diabetes and 26.7％ for hyperlipemia according to the self-reported disease diagnoses,health examination results and biochemical examination results in class 1Ⅱor Ⅲ hospitals.Based on the family relationship information and genealogical data,710 pedigrees were finally identified,consisting of 5 087 family members.The numbers of five,four,three,and two generations pedigrees were 3,88,238 and 381,respectively.The pairs of the first to the fifth degree relatives were 12 039,2 662,1 511,202 and 31,respectively.Conclusion The establishment of Fujian Tulou Family Cohort provides valuable resources for exploring the genetic risk factors,environmental risk factors and gene-environment interactions contributing to the risk of common chronic diseases.

Progress in next-generation sequencing research of non-syndromic oral clefts / 中华流行病学杂志

Non-syndromic oral clefts (NSOC) are among the most common birth defects.The prevalence of NSOC is 1.13-1.30 per 1 000 live births in China,which is higher than those in other major ethnic groups.The etiology of NSOC is complex and heterogeneous,which involves both genetic and environmental risk factors.Although genome-wide association studies have identified a number of risk loci,these loci can only account for a small proportion of the heritability of NSOC.The next-generation sequencing research provides new ideas for further exploring the genetic risk factors of NSOC.This paper summaries the progress in the next-generation sequencing research of NSOC.

Development of Risk Assessment Scale of Severe Psychiatric Patients in Community / 中国心理卫生杂志

Objective: To develop the Risk Assessment Scale of Severe Psychiatric Patients in Community and test its reliability and validity. Methods: A random sample of 860 severe psychiatric patients, which was selected from 8 communities in Chaoyang District of Beijing, completed the Risk Assessment Scale of Severe Psychiatric Patients in Community. The internal consistency reliability, the observer reliability, and the correlative coefficients between the total and items of the scale were analyzed, and the exploratory factor analysis was conducted. Results: (1) The Cronbach's coefficient of the scale was 0. 86, and the observer coefficient was 0.92. (2) The Spearman correlative coefficients between the total and items ranged from 0.40 ～ 0.56. (3) Exploratory factor analysis showed that the scale had 4 main factors, all of which could account for 68.14 percent of the whole variance, and the ten item loadings ranged from 0. 60 ～0.91. (4) The patient who scored higher than 35 was called high risk patient Causing trouble behavior of high risk patient was obviously higher than others. Conclusion: The results indicate that the Risk Assessment Scale of Severe Psychiatric Patients in Community has good reliability and validity. It can be used to assess the risk of severe psychiatric patients in community.

Discussion on schizophrenia from the liver in TCM / 中华中医药杂志

Schizophrenia is roughly equivalent to insanity in TCM.Premorbid personality traits of schizophrenia are similar to the characteristic of stagnation of liver in TCM.The stagnation of liver-qi is a usually cause and main differentiation type of schizophrenia.Early location of this disease is toward to the liver.The stagnant qi of the liver turns into fire,up to brain to interfere the activity of mind,then leads the disease into the acute phase;Stagnation of the liver-qi and the heart-fire affect other organs and lead the disease to its chronic phase:The change of solar term or dramatic disturbances of climate change often leads liver yang to interfere the mind,resulting in recurrence or relapses of schizophrenia.We should pay attention to rule of liver in the treatment,rehabilitation,prevention of recurrence in schizophrenia.When treating schizophrenia,we need pay attention to soothing liver,without inhibiting the sthenic liver-energy;suppressing the hyperactive liver by calming the liver and removing heat from the liver.Soothing liver and strengthening spleen,dispersing liver-qi and regulating stomach are the common treatment.For preventing degeneration,while nourishing liver and kidney,clearing heat and calming the mind should be used at same time;while nourishing liver yin,wind-dispersing,eliminating phlegm,clearing-stasis should be used at same time.Cleaning liver heat,nourishing yin,activating blood and detoxification should be paid attention to when preventing and treating the side effects caused by antipsychotic drugs.

Study on rules of TCM differential treatment of side effects induced by antipsychotic / 中华中医药杂志

In clinical, the common side effects of antipsychotic were extrapyramidal symptoms, drug-induced liver injury, sexual dysfunction, amenorrhea, neutropenia, drug-induced dermatitis, digestive disorders, abnormal increase in body weight, etc. According to patients clinical manifestations of side effects of antipsychotics and chinese medical clinic cognitive model of ‘outer appearance from inside essence’, ‘conjecturing the interior by observing the exterior’, ‘analogy by classifi cation’, ‘identifying etiology by symptoms differentiation’, ‘syndrome determination by drugs’, etc., it can be found that in conventional treatment course, different antipsychotic drugs acted on the different human body may induce different side effects and different toxic reaction, generally including stagnation of heat in spleen-stomach, excessive heat in Yangming, excessive heat generating wind, body fluid deficiency generating wind, internal retention of phlegm and dampness, obstruction of collaterals. TCM differential treatment to antipsychotic-induced disease obtained a more signifi cant effect. Clearing away heat, purgative activity, invigorating qi, nourishing yin, activating blood flow, resolving phlegm were the basic treatment methods, of which nourishing yin, activating blood flow were of particular signifi cance.

Relationship between family adaptability, cohesion and symptoms of outpatients with schizophrenia / 中国康复理论与实践

@# ObjectiveTo investigate the family adaptability, cohesion and their relationship with symptoms of chronic outpatients with schizophrenia.Methods51 outpatients with schizophrenia were assessed with Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scales, Second Edition, Chinese Version(FACE II-CV) and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS ).ResultsThe level of family adaptability of chronic outpatients with schizophrenia was lower than that of the normal control(u<0.05 or u<0.01);the ratio of the balance category of family decreased significantly and that of the extreme category of family increased significantly;the score of real cohesion negatively correlated with scores of PANSS, Positive Subscale and General Psychopathology Subscale (P<0.05);the score of real adaptability negatively correlated with score of Positive Subscale (P<0.05). ConclusionsFamily adaptability and cohesion of outpatients with schizophrenia close correlate to symptoms of chronic outpatients with schizophrenia and level of family adaptability decreases.

Relationship between mental symptom and social functioning of community outpatients with schizophrenia / 中国康复理论与实践

@#ObjectiveTo study the relationship between mental symptoms and the social functioning of outpatients with schizophrenia.Methods93 outpatients with schizophrenia received tests of Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS) and Morningside Rehabilitation Status Scale(MRSS).ResultsThe total score of MRSS,the score of Dependency Scale(DEP),Inactivity Scale(INACT) and Social Isolation Scale(ISOL) had positive correlation with scores of PANSS,Positive Subscale,Negative Subscale and General Psychopathology Subscale(P<0.01).ConclusionsThe social functioning of outpatients with schizophrenia has close correlation to their mental symptom,the more plentiful the mental symptom is,the more serious the social functioning damage is.